0102030405
Reishi Mushroom Extract Ganoderma Lucidum Polysaccharide Powder
Structure and Source of Ganoderma Polysaccharides
Basic Characteristics
● Source: Extracted from the mycelium or fruiting bodies of Ganoderma species (such as Red Reishi and Purple Reishi) in the Polyporaceae family.
● Chemical Nature:
It belongs to the β-glucan polysaccharide family.
Composed of a (1→3)-β-D-glucan main chain with (1→6)-β-D-glucosidic side chains.
It has a three-helix stereostructure (molecular weight typically ranges from 10⁴ to 10⁶ Da).
● Production Methods:
Deep fermentation cultivation of mycelium (the main industrial production method).
Hot water extraction from the fruiting bodies (traditional extraction method).
Biological Activity Foundation
Structure-Activity Relationship:
● The helical structure is key to its immune-activating effects (recognized by the TLR4 receptor).
● The degree of branching affects solubility and receptor binding efficiency.
Natural Role:
● Acts as a structural component of the fungal cell wall.
● Involved in signal transduction and stress defense during the growth of Ganoderma.
Core Biological Activities of Ganoderma Polysaccharides
1.Liver Protection
Antioxidant Defense:
● Scavenges free radicals in liver cells, reducing MDA levels by 30%-50%.
Metabolic Regulation:
● Inhibits the SREBP-1c pathway, reducing liver fat accumulation.
● Increases fatty acid β-oxidation efficiency by 20%-25%.
Disease Intervention:
● Shows restorative effects in models of alcoholic liver injury and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).
2.Immune Regulation
Immune Cell Activation:
● Promotes macrophage phagocytic activity (increases by 2-3 times).
● Increases the ratio of CD4+/CD8+ T cells (P < 0.01).
Cytokine Network:
● Induces the secretion of Th1-type cytokines, such as IL-2 and IFN-γ.
3.Antioxidant and Anti-Aging
Free Radical Scavenging:
● ORAC value reaches 5000-8000 μmol TE/g.
● Protects telomerase activity, delaying cellular replicative senescence.
Anti-Inflammatory Synergy:
● Inhibits NF-κB nuclear translocation, reducing IL-6 and TNF-α expression by 40%-60%.
4.Multi-System Anti-Aging Mechanism
Mitochondrial Protection:
● Maintains ATP synthesis efficiency and reduces ROS leakage.
Autophagy Activation:
● Enhances cellular waste clearance through the AMPK/mTOR pathway.
Industrial Applications of Ganoderma Polysaccharides
1.Functional Food Development
Immune Regulation Products:
● Used as a core functional factor in oral liquids, capsules, and other health foods to enhance NK cell activity by 30%-50%.
● Added to fermented dairy products (such as probiotic yogurt) to synergistically boost intestinal immunity.
Food Additives:
● Replaces synthetic antioxidants (such as BHT) in energy drinks.
● Used as a natural preservative in baked goods, extending shelf life while increasing nutritional value.
2.Anti-Aging Cosmetics Applications
Mechanism of Action:
● Scavenges DPPH free radicals (scavenging rate >90%).
● Inhibits MMP-1 activity, reducing collagen degradation by 40%.
Product Forms:
● Anti-wrinkle serums: Enhanced skin penetration through liposome encapsulation.
● Sunscreen repair creams: Boosts skin defense against UV (SPF enhancement by 15%-20%).
Technological Breakthrough:
● Uses enzymatic hydrolysis and ultrafiltration technology to prepare low molecular weight fragments (3-5 kDa), significantly improving bioavailability.
● Solves water solubility issues in beverages through microemulsification, maintaining activity stability.
Note: The recommended daily intake for food additives is 50-200mg/day, and the recommended concentration for cosmetics is 0.1%-1%. Its β-glucan structure should be protected from high-temperature processing to prevent degradation.
