Cosmetic Grade Glycoprotein CAS 66455-27-4
What is glycoprotein?
Glycoproteins are complex polymers composed of oligosaccharides and proteins. They can be extracted from animals such as cow's milk, gastric lining, gastric mucus, and microorganisms, as well as plants such as yam root and chrysanthemum root. Their oligosaccharide components are primarily neutral sugars, such as glucose, galactose, and mannose, while their proteins are primarily composed of polypeptides. Glycoproteins are often used as cosmetic ingredients, demonstrating excellent moisturizing, hydration-binding, and hydrating properties.
Composition of Glycoproteins
Glycoproteins are suitable for eight skin types: wrinkled skin, tolerant skin, sensitive skin, non-pigmented skin, dry skin, firm skin, oily skin, and pigmented skin.
Glycoproteins are primarily composed of the following components:
β-D-glucose, glucuronic acid, α-D-mannose, α-D-galactose, α-D-xylose, α-D-arabinose, α-L-fucose, iduronic acid, N-acetylglucosamine, N-acetylgalactosamine, and N-acetylneuraminic acid (sialic acid).
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Glycoprotein's Efficacy
Moisturizing
Glycoprotein forms a stable protective film to prevent moisture evaporation, improving the skin's water retention capacity, improving dryness and flaking, and leaving skin soft and smooth.
Repairing and Anti-Inflammation
Glycoprotein promotes skin cell regeneration, strengthens the skin barrier function, alleviates symptoms such as sensitivity and redness, and has anti-inflammatory properties, helping to restore skin to a healthy state.
Nutrition and Nourishment
Glycoprotein is rich in nutrients, providing essential nutrients to the skin, promoting the synthesis of collagen and elastin, and enhancing skin's elasticity and firmness.
Improving Skin Texture
Glycoprotein regulates skin pH, balances oil secretion, minimizes pores, and makes skin more refined and smooth, while also improving roughness and dullness.
Antioxidant and Anti-Aging
Glycoprotein has antioxidant properties, neutralizing free radicals, delaying skin aging, reducing the appearance of wrinkles and fine lines, and promoting a more youthful and vibrant complexion.
Experimental Results:
In vitro testing of human keratinocytes, glycoprotein reduced the production of nitric oxide, a melanin catalyst, before melanin synthesis. Glycoproteins can reduce the release of nitric oxide (NO), which activates tyrosinase.
Thus, UV-activated melanin production is inhibited before melanin synthesis.
During melanin synthesis, they inhibited mushroom tyrosinase activity in vitro assays; inhibited melanin synthesis in vitro assays using repigmented skin; and inhibited tyrosinase activity in ex vivo studies using human skin grafts.
After melanin synthesis, they inhibited the expression of melanocyte dendrite formation inhibitory-related protein 1 (TRP-1) in ex vivo studies using human skin grafts, thereby controlling the transfer of melanosomes. Experiments have shown that a 2% concentration of glycoprotein, by acting on melanocyte dendrite formation, reduces the transfer of melanosomes to keratinocytes, thereby effectively whitening skin.
Main Applications of Glycoproteins
Glycoproteins have a wide range of benefits in cosmetics:
Commonly used in skincare products, including moisturizing, anti-wrinkle, anti-allergic, repairing, whitening, and sun protection.
Commonly used in haircare products, including conditioners, elastin, and gels.
