Azelaic Acid 98% 60% CAS 123-99-9
What is azelaic acid?
Azelaic acid, also known as azelaic acid, is a white crystalline dicarboxylic acid naturally found in cereals, rye, and barley. It is a naturally occurring saturated dicarboxylic acid with numerous pharmacological properties, including antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties, regulating hair follicle keratinization, inhibiting oil secretion, reducing pigmentation, and inhibiting cell proliferation. Current in vitro and in vivo studies have shown its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-hyperkeratinization, antimicrobial, and tyrosinase inhibitory properties (whitening), making it widely used in skin care.
Chemical Properties
Molecular Formula: C₉H₁₆O₄
Molecular Weight: 188.2213.
Physical Properties: White to slightly yellowish monoclinic prisms, needle-shaped crystals, or powder. Slightly soluble in cold water, soluble in hot water, hot benzene, and alcohol.
Pharmacological Actions of Azelaic Acid
Antibacterial Activity
Azelaic acid inhibits protein synthesis by both anaerobic and aerobic bacteria, directly killing bacteria on the skin surface and within hair follicles, and eliminating pathogens.
Anti-inflammatory Effects
Azelaic acid inhibits the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the inflammatory cascade of inflammatory cytokines, thereby exerting its anti-inflammatory effects.
Regulating Follicular Keratinization
Azelaic acid reduces the synthesis of filamentous keratin, preventing excessive follicular keratinization.
Inhibiting Oil Secretion
Azelaic acid competitively inhibits 5α-reductase in the sebaceous glands, reducing dihydrotestosterone synthesis and thereby inhibiting skin oil secretion.
Reducing Pigmentation
Azelaic acid reduces pigmentation by inhibiting the activity of abnormal melanocytes. Azelaic acid has high permeability to abnormal cells and has no effect on normal melanocytes.
Inhibiting Cell Proliferation
Azelaic acid reduces tyrosinase activity and melanin synthesis in epidermal melanocytes and melanoma cells, inducing apoptosis in melanoma cells and inhibiting melanoma cell proliferation.
Wide Applicability of Azelaic acid
Azelaic acid has weak chemical peeling properties and is suitable for sensitive skin.
It is non-toxic, non-teratogenic, and non-mutagenic, making it suitable for use during pregnancy and lactation.
No strains of Propionibacterium acnes have been found to be resistant to azelaic acid, making it suitable for long-term use by acne patients.
There are no absolute contraindications for topical use of azelaic acid preparations, provided there is no allergy to the preparation.
Applications of Azelaic Acid
Because azelaic acid can serve as a substitute for petroleum-based dibasic acids, it is used in the production of lubricants, nylon, and polyurethanes. It represents a promising class of bio-based platform compounds. Products such as diisobutyl azelate, dioctyl azelate, and diisooctyl azelate are commonly used as plasticizers in industry.
In the lubricant industry, azelaic acid is used as a thickener for lithium greases. Azelaic acid and hexamethylenediamine copolymers form the specialty plastic nylon 69, which, along with nylon 99, nylon 910, and nylon 1010, is a commonly used synthetic fiber.
Azelaic acid has antibacterial properties and is used as a food preservative, fragrance, and daily chemical product. Using it in mouthwashes helps prevent and treat tooth decay, in soaps it prevents cracking, in creams and cosmetics it improves skin absorption, and in skin remedies it brightens and whitens the skin. Azelaic acid or its zinc salt, combined with vitamin B6, is used in hair care products to treat male hormone-induced alopecia and stimulate hair growth.
Azelaic acid concentrate is a plant-based concentrate specifically formulated for oily skin prone to acne and breakouts. It quickly eliminates acne, pimples, and breakouts, treating recurring acne, while also tightening pores and diminishing acne scars.
